Telegram founder and CEO Pavel Durov has issued a stark warning about the risk to “free internet” and privacy as governments around the world push forward with sweeping measures that, he says, are quietly stripping away fundamental freedoms under the guise of regulation and safety.

“Our generation is running out of time to save the free internet built for us by our fathers,” Durov wrote in an X post as he marked his 41st birthday on Oct. 10, warning that a “dark, dystopian world is approaching fast” as he pointed to how countries that were seen as champions of freedom have started rolling back privacy protections.

“Once-free countries are introducing dystopian measures such as digital IDs (UK), online age checks (Australia), and mass scanning of private messages (EU),” Durov said.

“What was once the promise of the free exchange of information is being turned into the ultimate tool of control,” he continued, adding that the current generation could be the last to enjoy fundamental digital freedoms if the trend goes unchecked.

Government surveillance efforts on the rise

Across the European Union, lawmakers are weighing the controversial Chat Control proposal, which would require encrypted messaging platforms to allow authorities to scan private messages before they are sent. Those opposing the measure argue that it risks undermining the very foundation of secure communication and create serious risks for civil liberties.

Elsewhere in Australia, new regulations are being introduced that require social media platforms to verify the age of users, which has raised concerns around mass data collection and the potential surveillance of minors and adults alike. 

Meanwhile, in the UK, the introduction of digital IDs has drawn criticism from privacy advocates, who argue that the personal data that is submitted by the common people may be misused by the government.

“Germany is persecuting anyone who dares to criticize officials on the Internet. The UK is imprisoning thousands for their tweets. France is criminally investigating tech leaders who defend freedom and privacy,” Durov said.

Concerns around privacy are not confined to any one region. From data collection laws to censorship frameworks, the push for greater control over digital platforms has sparked widespread debate about the future of personal freedom online.

Privacy has long been a core principle of the cryptocurrency ecosystem, which was born out of distrust in centralized systems and a desire to empower individuals through decentralized, peer-to-peer technologies.

Whether through Bitcoin’s pseudonymous design or the rise of privacy-centric tokens and protocols, the crypto space has become a refuge for those seeking alternatives to mainstream platforms that increasingly operate under the watch of regulators and state agencies, something that Durov has also tried to address through the TON blockchain that he developed alongside Telegram.

“We’ve been made to believe that the greatest fight of our generation is to destroy everything our forefathers left us: tradition, privacy, sovereignty, the free market, and free speech. By betraying the legacy of our ancestors, we’ve set ourselves on a path toward self-destruction — moral, intellectual, economic, and ultimately biological.”

Pavel Durov, CEO of Telegram.

French authorities target Durov

Durov’s comments come just months after he was detained by French authorities over allegations that Telegram was being used for criminal activities, including drug trafficking and cybercrime.

Since the case, Telegram has had to make several changes to its policies, including updating its terms of service and privacy guidelines to clarify how it cooperates with law enforcement on valid legal requests. 

Durov, however, has maintained that the company continues to uphold strong privacy standards and will resist any attempts to turn Telegram into a tool of surveillance.